5/8/2023 0 Comments Murderer garrys mod![]() ![]() If you get errors with any commands, just stop the server and start it again to fix it. Put the jar into your plugins folder, and restart the server!īe careful with reloads, it can break the plugin. murder arena reload : Reload all arenas : ![]() murder arena tp : Teleport to an arena's locations : murder arena : Set an arena's locations : murder arena disable : Disable an araena : murder arena enable : Enable an arena (must be disabled) : murder arena stop : Force stop an arena : murder arena start : Force start an arena : murder arena delete : Delete the specified arena : murder arena create : Create an arena : murder leave : Leave your current game : murder join help : Help about joining arenas (includes a list of all arenas) : No Permissions How to get mods for gmod non steam versio mod In actual fact, it is a modified form of source engine and as a player you can engender your own objects with the aid of complex tools. murder join : Join the specified arena : It was Facepunch Studio that made this game public and its author was Garry, thus Gmod is the acronym for Garry’s mod universally branded as Gmod. murder join random : Join a random arena : murder help : Default help for players : No Permissions XP bar countdowns and message countdowns Disable players in game from placing/breaking blocks, picking up/dropping items, losing hunger Store player information (inventory, armor, location, xp, and gamemode) Gun Scrap given out randomly and automatically Lobby countdown, Roles countdown, and time between scrap given out Ability to teleport to any of these locations Three locations per arena: lobby, arena, spectate ![]() The murderer needs to be sneaky and eliminate players without getting caught! It is very simple, and easy to catch on. But be careful, you only have one shot with your pistol, and if you miss, you are eliminated. The goal is for the detective and bystanders to indentify the murderer and shoot him. They are capable of collecting scrap (given randomly) to be given a pistol in an effort to eliminate the murderer. Detective: This play spawns with a pistol (bow and arrow) and their goal is to identify and shoot the murderer Murderer: This play spawns with a knife (iron sword) and their goal is to eliminate all the other players Murder is a very simple game that consists of 3 roles. In addition, you can use the services of Garry's Mod server promotion, in order to attract the attention of visitors to our website to your game server.MCMurder is the popular game, Murder, from Garry's Mod ( ) put into Minecraft. On the page of each Garry's Mod server there is complete information on the server, as well as its own chat for players. You can also add to monitoring your own server Garry's Mod, in order to track the activity of players on the server, as well as share the link to your server page with other people. This page displays the top best Garry's Mod servers with all the necessary data: server description, country, number of players, IP server, player activity over the last day, etc. ![]() Our monitoring covers thousands of Garry's Mod servers worldwide and checks online servers every minute and around the clock. Use the convenient search for Murder Garry's Mod Servers pvb_backyard_gw servers in order to find the server you are interested in by any of your criteria. Select the Garry's Mod server you are interested in from the list, copy the server address and join it. Murder Garry's Mod Servers pvb_backyard_gw servers monitoring - here you find the best Garry's Mod online servers with a good rating and for every taste. ![]()
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5/8/2023 0 Comments Kingdom new lands town hall![]() Building materials need to be kept but can be used as long as you have around 20-30, whereas all food except Apples and Oranges should be used for training. My item storehouse becomes full very easily, which items do I need to keep and which can be used for training?Ī. ![]() Visitors will also pay tribute to the Monarch if the Royal Room is in range of the signboards. Place signboards to guide visitors to shops in your town and they will pay in Copper Coins. You can pay food to invite visitors from the port. How do I get copper coins to exchange at a material shop?Ī. Deploy to 'Rocky' and 'Desert' biomes for a small chance, but you can buy Sturdy Boards from the Material Shop Where can I get materials such as sturdy boards?Ī. If you remove the shelves temporarily, the shops will stop using the resources until you put the shelves backīuilding materials Q. Deploy to Red Crystals on the map (small amount) or deploy to Snow areas / Mystic Ore Mine (Refer to Map Rewards)Ī. Deploy to 'Rocky' and 'Desert' biome / Ore Mines (Refer to Map Rewards)Ī. Harvest trees, you will get wood as well as sturdy boards.Ī. You can also buy from Store in Town by copper coin after building Trader's House.Ī. Deploy residents to hunt Fake Apples, apple trees for yellow-green bags, or get an Orchard. Instant way : Recovery Potion S (50% for one resident) / L (50% for all) or HP Orb (35% for all, get from Research -High TH Level-)Ī. The residents will automatically use Amenity (like Rejuvenating Spring or Temporary Shelter) or Indoors (like Bathtub, etc -if it's in he(r) house's- or Recovery House of Monk). ![]() 5/8/2023 0 Comments Visual studio 2022 price![]() ![]() Install by right clicking on the setup.exe and selecting Run As Admininstrator.To install CR for VS into VS 2022 we now have a separate CrystalReportsForVisualStudio64 installer.Note: Please read the info for supportability and compatability as well as other resources for you references.ĬR for VS SP 32 will now integrate into all versions of Visual Studio. In SP 32 which you can get from the WIKI page (soon to be released if not there):Ĭrystal Reports, Developer for Visual Studio Downloads That’s creating more time and space for developers to focus on solving bigger problems and building even better software.Īnd now, you can put the power of GitHub Copilot to work in your preferred environment with a free trial.With the release of Visual Studio 2022, which is a 64 bit application, SP 31 (32bit integration into VS) and previous did not fully integrate into this version of VS. In files where it’s enabled, nearly 40% of code is being written by GitHub Copilot in popular coding languages, like Python-and we expect that to increase. With more than 1.2 million developers in our technical preview over the last 12 months, people who started using GitHub Copilot quickly told us it became an indispensable part of their daily workflows. Code confidently in unfamiliar territory: Code in new languages or try something new, and let GitHub Copilot suggest syntax and code in dozens of languages-so you can spend more time learning by doing.Use your preferred environment: Integrate GitHub Copilot with popular editors, including Neovim, JetBrains IDEs, Visual Studio, and Visual Studio Code as an unobtrusive extension. ![]() Get AI-based coding suggestions: Get code suggestions that match a project’s context and style conventions, and cycle through different options to decide what to accept, reject, or edit.GitHub Copilot can suggest complete methods, boilerplate code, whole unit tests, and even complex algorithms. But it’s not only a single word or line of code. When you type code or comments, GitHub Copilot suggests the next line of code. GitHub Copilot distills the collective knowledge of the world’s developers into an editor extension that suggests code in real time, to help you stay focused on what matters most: building great software. ![]() We specifically designed GitHub Copilot as an editor extension to make sure nothing gets in the way of what you’re doing. It’s free to use for verified students and maintainers of popular open source software. Just like the rise of compilers and open source, we believe AI-assisted coding will fundamentally change the nature of software development, giving developers a new tool to write code easier and faster so they can be happier in their lives.ĭo you want to start using GitHub Copilot today? Get started with a free trial, and check out our pricing plans. With GitHub Copilot, for the first time in the history of software, AI can be broadly harnessed by developers to write and complete code. ![]() Today, I am thrilled to announce that we are making GitHub Copilot generally available to individual developers. But until now, AI has stopped short of improving code, leaving the process of developing software almost completely manual. It’s helping us write emails and essays, automatically generate photo albums of our loved ones, and even acts as a digital assistant to help us order groceries. Since the launch of GitHub Copilot technical preview last year, it’s become abundantly clear that AI is one of the best tools to empower the next generation of developers.Īlready, AI is acting as a copilot in our daily lives. At GitHub, it’s part of our mission to build technology that makes developers happy. ![]() ![]() ![]() “When wasteful war shall statues overturn / And broils roots out the work of masonry, / Nor Mars his sword nor war's quick fire shall burn / The living record of your memory. They won’t have to deal with the exhaustion of age or the painful sickness it can bring. If your dad or grandpa died young, this may be comforting. At the going down of the sun and in the morning, / We will remember them.” - Laurence Binyon, Poet “They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old: / Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. If you had a difficult relationship with your father or grandpa, keep this in mind. There’s no way you can hold the contradictions of an entire person in your mind. It’s always good to remember that you might have a limited perspective. You know only what your heart allows you to know.” - Amy Tan, Author “You remember only what you want to remember. Wandering down memory lane may make you feel happy and nostalgic. “Someone mentioned your name today, / took me down memory lane, / to a time very much younger, / a time more pure, more sane.” - Adiela Akoo Treasuring memories is a good way to feel gratitude for the time spent with them. Sometimes, memories are the only things that keep you afloat. You use these as funeral quotes in a handout, memorial collage, or eulogy. ‘Gone But Not Forgotten’ Quotes for Dad or Grandpa Your hearts may bind you together, long after your loved one dies. There’s nothing to bind you together after a loss. “Those we love and lose are always connected by heartstrings into infinity.” - Terri Guillemets, Authorĭeath feels like a lost connection. But if you can, try to take a few moments to reflect and remember the good times. Sorrow and loss tend to blot out everything else - and that’s understandable. Gratitude for the time spent with someone is often the last thing on our minds. “Like a bird singing in the rain, let grateful memories survive in time of sorrow.” - Robert Louis Stevenson, Author ![]() If you’re able to, take the time to sit with your emotions will help you through the loss. It may end up hurting you in the long run, though. Hiding from a loss sometimes feels like the best way to cope. “You can’t truly heal from a loss until you allow yourself to really feel the loss.” - Mandy Hale, Author ![]() How could you forget these things? Details like that may feel minor, but If you love someone, their true essence is always in your heart. You might not be able to remember if they preferred Starbursts or Hershey’s Kisses. You might not be able to remember the exact pitch of their voice. Someday, you may panic because it feels like you ‘forgot’ someone. ![]() ”Whoever you hold in the heart of you, is forever and always a part of you.” - Rossiter Raymond, Geologist Losing someone you love changes you forever, but that doesn’t mean the pain will always be with you. Taking a realistic, yet comforting, approach is better. Even if the person saying it loves you, it can feel like an attempt to minimize your pain. But it is never gone.” - Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, Philanthropistīeing told that ‘time heals all wounds’ is painful. In time, the mind, protecting its sanity, covers them with scar tissue and the pain lessens. “It has been said, 'time heals all wounds.' I do not agree. These quotes are great inspiration for condolence messages, tattoos, or to share on social media. Start planning ‘Gone But Not Forgotten’ Quotes for Mom or Grandma ![]() 5/8/2023 0 Comments Download my ip hide crack![]() ![]() This makes you more anonymous on the internet. The VPN server acts like a proxy, or stand-in, for your web activity: Instead of your real IP address and location, websites you visit will only see the IP address and location of the VPN server.
![]() ![]() True to the show’s title, the first season takes place in cloistered rooms and pitch-black caves, with the motif of soaked northern forests bringing to mind all those sober, rainy days on “The Killing,” another show about missing children and buried secrets. At one point, a mother discovers that she is the daughter of her own daughter. Language fails to do this time-warped series justice. All the actors are strikingly handsome, though it’s sometimes hard to remember who is who, or how anyone is related. There’s time travel, nuclear physics, Christian mysticism, and good old teen drama. But it’s also because of the intricacy of the plot, which centers on a handful of families in the fictional town of Winden, whose secrets and betrayals unfold in the course of multiple time lines, going back to 1921 and forward to a postapocalyptic future in 2052. Some of that has to do with the fact that the series is in German, and so you’ll probably need to read the subtitles to follow along. But look down for a moment while watching “Dark,” whose second season recently premièred, on Netflix, and you’ll find yourself lost. Sometimes, Outlander’s sci-fi concepts get lost amid the show’s growing ensemble of characters and subplots, but then an episode will drop a fantasy sequence where time merges together, and we remember that this isn’t just a richly told historical drama - there’s magic to it, too.It is one of our time’s animal-brain comforts, if also one of its moral challenges, that our smartphones are always at hand, offering distraction. ![]() It sustains the show’s high narrative stakes, as time travel is less a solution and more of a problem.īut beyond the actual time travel, the series also finds clever and poignant ways to marry Claire’s past and present together. ![]() And even then, it doesn’t always go as planned. Time travel in Outlander requires a series of conditions to be in place - which I won’t spoil here - for it to be possible. As is (and should be) the case with time travel, manipulating time isn’t easy. This is Outlander at its most riveting when it fully leans into the ideas and mysteries of Claire’s time-travel ability.Īs the series progresses, the time-travel rules of Outlander become a little clearer but also more complex. With Claire’s knowledge of what’s come in the 1740s - in this case, the Battle of Culloden - the couple try to change the course of history. Once Claire tells Jamie that she traveled from the future (and he believes her), the two unite on a path to test the limits of time. While Claire and Jamie’s romance is a significant part of Outlander, the series expands further in scope after its first season. THE RULES OF TIME TRAVEL is an Inverse special issue exploring the evolution of science fiction's most imaginative sub-genre. With Season 5 dropping on the streaming giant this week, there’s no better time to catch up on the best time-travel epic on TV. The series has become one of the cable network’s most popular shows ever, partly aided by the fact that Outlander is also available to stream on Netflix. Since premiering in 2014 on Starz, Moore’s TV adaptation of Outlander has only increased its fan following. It would eventually earn an ardent fanbase and get the attention of Hollywood - specifically Battlestar Galactica producer Ronald D. First capturing the hearts in 1991, Diana Gabaldon’s sci-fi/fantasy book series gave readers a star-crossed (time-crossed?) romance for the ages. They either fall into a mysterious hole, are born with an erratic genetic ability, or unknowingly come into contact with an ancient time portal.įalling through time aptly describes the impetus for one of the most famous time-travel stories of the last three decades. ![]() While many time-travel stories have time machines and other mechanisms that allow a person to maneuver through the past or future, the most exciting ones are when the characters have zero control. Unexpected time travel is one of the more fascinating motifs in science fiction. ![]() 5/7/2023 0 Comments Ion bonding gold on skin![]() ![]() For example, it may impact the proton-transfer process via proton shuttling. This long-range electrostatic attraction may exhibit limited interaction with most atoms or groups, but if the transition-state intermediate contains an active proton (e.g., O–H δ+, N–H δ+), which has the smallest mass among all atoms and is usually highly charged, then a counterion may have significant impact ( Figure 1c). The interaction between a pairing counterion (X –) and the corresponding transition structure (TS2) is a long-range electrostatic attraction ( Figure 1b), which is usually relatively weak. Figure 1īut the above statement does have an exception. Therefore, in general, a catalyst that contains a weakly coordinating counterion (low affinity between M + and X –) will exhibit high reactivity. Our hypothesis is that in many cases the counterion acts as a spectator and has limited influence on the structures of the transition state ( Figure 1b), so the difference between Δ G ⧧ T2 and Δ G ⧧ T1 is mainly determined by the affinity between M + and X –. Thus, compared to the reaction of “free” M +, additional energy will be needed (Δ G ⧧ TS2 > Δ G ⧧ TS1) to overcome the Coulombic attraction. (5) When the paired cationic metal (M +X –) interacts with RC 1 and RC 2 to produce TS2, there will be a charge separation between M + and X – during the formation of TS2. (4) In low dielectric constant solvents, a cationic metal complex will exist as an ion pair rather than “free” ions. In most theoretical treatments of cationic gold catalysis, or transition-metal catalysis in general, cationic metals are treated as “free” ions (M + in Figure 1a). In a simplified representation of cationic metal-catalyzed reactions ( Figure 1), a cationic metal catalyst (M +) will somehow complex or connect to reactants (RC 1, RC 2, etc.) to form the corresponding transition state (TS1), which in turn, leads to an intermediate or product. Herein, we report a quantitative treatment of relevant physical properties of counterions that affect their reactivity in cationic gold catalysis. We posited that one important barrier for a rational understanding of counterion effect in cationic gold catalysis or cationic catalysis in general is the lack of a quantitative description of relevant physical properties of counterions. The selection of counterion is still empirical, and chemists test different counterions during the process of reaction condition optimization. (3j) However, a quantitative analysis of counterion effects in gold catalysis is still elusive. (3) For example, Maier and co-workers studied counterion effects in gold(I)-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of alkynes, (3d) Echavarren and co-workers did the same in gold(I)-catalyzed intermolecular cycloadditions, (3e) whereas Bandini, Macchioni, and co-workers reported the effects of counterion in gold-catalyzed dearomatization of indoles with allenamides. Cationic gold catalysis (1) is a case in point much effort has been dedicated to understanding the effects of ligands in gold catalysis, (1d,2) but only recently have chemists begun to investigate the effects of counterion in gold-catalyzed reactions. ![]() However, the selection of the counterion is, still, mostly empirical. Reactions that involve cationic species are among the most important transformations in organic synthesis counterions often play a significant role in the efficiency of these reactions. ![]() 5/7/2023 0 Comments Sally kirkland![]() ![]() She founded the Kirkland Institute for Implant Survival Syndrome in August 1998. Kirkland is also a health activist including advocating for women harmed by breast implants. In 2020, she starred in the Amazon release film Hope For The Holidays with Robert Lasardo, Doug Hutchison, Alex Cubis George Stults. Kirkland hosted a weekly program on the syndicated HealthyLife Radio Network. In 2000s, she played supporting roles in films include Bruce Almighty (2003), Adam & Steve (2005) and Big Stan (2007). In 1999, she had a recurring roles in Felicity and Days of Our Lives. She guest-starred in Roseanne, Murder, She Wrote and The Nanny. For her performance in the television film The Haunted (1991), Kirkland received Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film nomination. In 1990, she also played Truvy Jones in the television adaptation of Steel Magnolias. She found better success on television, playing leading roles in a number of made-for-television movies, and starring in the syndicated soap opera Valley of the Dolls in 1994. She starred in the erotic thrillers In the Heat of Passion and Double Threat in 1992, which found success in home video releases. In 1990s, Kirkland starred in action comedy Bullseye! (1990) opposite Michael Caine, and played supporting roles in films Revenge (1990), JFK (1991), The Player (1992), Gunmen (1994), Excess Baggage (1997) and EDtv (1999). Kirkland later acted in second-grade films include Cold Feet (1989), Paint It Black (1989) and Two Evil Eyes (1990). Her performance received widespread critical praise, in a performance that the Washington Post deemed "superb" and the Los Angeles Times rated her as one of the best actresses of the decade. For this performance she won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, a Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award, and an Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. In 1987, Kirkland received positive reviews from critics and Academy Award for Best Actress nomination for playing title role in the independent drama film Anna. Her television credits include guest-starring roles on Hawaii Five-O, Police Story, The Rookies, Three's Company, Kojak, Starsky & Hutch, Charlie's Angels and Falcon Crest. She played a leading role in the 1984 horror film Fatal Games. Kirkland spent the 1970s and most of the 1980s playing secondary roles in film include Going Home (1971), The Young Nurses (1973), The Way We Were (1973), The Sting (1973), Big Bad Mama (1974), Crazy Mama (1975), A Star Is Born and Private Benjamin (1980). Kirkland at the 79th Annual Academy Awards Children Uniting Nations/Billboard afterparty. Four years later, she returned to film, appearing in the western Blue, and the following year starred in the underground film Coming Apart (1969). By 1964, Kirkland was deeply involved in the New York's avant-garde movement and was also an active drug user until an attempted suicide frightened her into cleaning up her life through yoga and painting. She joined Andy Warhol's The Factory and appeared nude and tied to a chair for 45 minutes in the 1964 drama film The 13 Most Beautiful Women. Kirkland began acting Off-Broadway in 1963. ![]() Kirkland started out as a Vogue model and then studied at the Actors Studio with Lee Strasberg and Uta Hagen. ![]() Her father, Frederic McMichael Kirkland, worked in the scrap metal business. She was named after her mother, Sally Kirkland (born Sarah Phinney), who was a fashion editor at Vogue and LIFE magazines, and was raised in Oklahoma. Kirkland is also known for her roles in Cold Feet (1989), Best of the Best (1989), JFK (1991) and Bruce Almighty (2003). She earned a second Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actress in a Miniseries or Motion Picture Made for Television for The Haunted (1991). She won the Golden Globe for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama for her role and received awards from the Los Angeles Film Critics Association, and the Independent Spirit Awards. Kirkland was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Anna (1987). Kirkland is the daughter of a fashion editor of Life magazine and Vogue Sally Kirkland. A former member of Andy Warhol's The Factory and an active member in 1960s New York avant-garde theater, she has appeared in more than 250 film and television productions during her 60-year career. Sally Kirkland (born October 31, 1941) is an American film, television and stage actress and producer. ![]() 5/7/2023 0 Comments Tera rising game controversy![]() But, after an extended play of the game, you quickly realize that Tera is not about questing or exploring a storyline or crafting. Also, the K-RPG lineage pops up from time to time as a distraction (big-busted female models showing too much skin, ridiculous cut scenes, failing to gather a resource node). The story is good at best, boring at worst. You have your equipment and enchants and stat itemization, just like those other games. Questing follows the three basic paths (play postman, kill x number of x, pick up x number of x), and it's one of the dull points of the game. You have your equipment and enchants and stat itemization, just like those In the past few years, there have been a lot of MMOs pop up following the same basic formula played out by EQ2, WoW, WAR and the like. In the past few years, there have been a lot of MMOs pop up following the same basic formula played out by EQ2, WoW, WAR and the like. I really can't say enough good things about the game - I hope anyone who reads this gives it a try, you won't be disappointed. Since Tera actually requires skill, it motivates me to be good at my class so when I play in groups I can be an awesome tank. I also really enjoy the depth of the game, leveling my character, upgrading my gear, the awesome dungeons, and just getting better at my class - the lancer. The action combat is the real deal - after playing Tera you won't be able to play another MMO with tab targeting - it's that good. The classes are really cool, playing an archer is like playing a third person shooter melee classes feel like Fable or Zelda. ![]() ![]() Tera is the most fun MMO I have ever played, it's fun for MMO gamers, but it's also fun for guys like my brother who prefer to play action games on consoles. The classes are really cool, playing an archer is like playing a third First, don't believe a word the trolls in this user review section - the graphics are amazing and draw distance is not an issue if you aren't playing on a netbook. ![]() First, don't believe a word the trolls in this user review section - the graphics are amazing and draw distance is not an issue if you aren't playing on a netbook. ![]() 5/7/2023 0 Comments Instanity is![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The weight of the evidence is greater than one side than for the other (51% or more of the weight of the evidence) Retribution A perspective on punishment that suggests punishment for a crime should be proportionate to the harm cause. Requires that a judge or jury find that the plaintiff's version of the facts is more probable than not. It is characterized by auditory hallucinations, delusions, clinical depression and thought disorder Preponderance of Evidence Standard Standard of proof common in civil trials. Postpartum Psychosis A severe mental disorder in which a mother displays psychopathic symptoms exacerbated or caused by childbirth. Its symptoms are identical to those of clinical depression and can include: loss of pleasure in most activities, depressed mood, sleep difficulties, weight gain or loss, loss of energy, fatigue, extreme guilt, and suicidal thoughts. Mens Rea Defense A case presented by the defense that concedes the defendant committed the crime (actus reus), but argues that the defendant lacked the requisite mental awareness and intent Mental State at the Time of Offense Screening Evaluation (MSE) A test that attempts to assess whether a defendant's crimes were influenced by a significant mental disorder Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity (NGRI) An affirmative defense that suggests that the defendant, because of his or her insanity, should not be held criminally responsible Policeman at the elbow test A volitional insanity test requiring that the defendant's impulse had to be so overwhelming that he or she would have committed the act even if a police officer stood beside the defendant at the time of the crime Postpartum Blues A condition experienced by new mothers and characterized by crying, irritability, anxiety and mood changes that can last for weeks, and which has been linked to hormonal changes following childbirth Postpartum Depression A condition occurring after childbirth. It consists of three components 1) A presumption that defendants are sane and responsible for their crime 2) A requirement that, at the moment of the crime, the accused must have been laboring "under a defect of reason" or "from disease of the mind" 3) A requirement that the defendant "did not know the nature and quality of the act he was doing or if he did know it, that he did not know what he was doing was wrong." Mens Rea Meaning "guilty mind." Different crimes require different levels of mental awareness and understanding. N'Naghten Rule The most common insanity standard in the United States. Irresistible Impulse An insanity defense in which the defendant's mental condition inhibited the ability to control his or her actions at the time of the offense, even though the defendant may have known the act was wrong. Insanity Defense Reform Act (IDRA) Federal law passed after the Hinckley trial that required that there be a presumption of sanity and that defendants prove "by clear and convincing evidence" that they were insane at the time of the crime Involuntary Manslaughter A charge of homicide that requires a lesser intent to kill. It requires that, due to a mental illness, a defendant lacks moral responsibility and culpability for the crime, and therefore should not be punished Insanity Defense Attitudes-Revised Scale (IDA-R) A psychological instrument that assesses the attitudes of potential jurors and the general public toward the insanity defense. Insanity The legal concept referring to the criminal's state of mind at the time the crime was committed. Public outcry for this verdict led to the 1984 Insanity Defense Reform Act (IDRA). Because the burden of proof for showing insanity rested on the prosecution instead of the defense, Hinckley was found NGRI. The court used the ALI standard for determining whether the defendant should be found not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI). First Degree Murder The highest charge of homicide, requiring that the perpetrator engaged knowingly in the premeditated killing of another human being General Deterrence The theory that punishing an offender will prevent other similarly situated individuals from committing future illegal acts because they have learned that crime leads to punishment Guilty but Mentally Ill (GBMI) An alternative verdict in which the defendant is found guilty of the crime and sentenced to prison with treatment for his or her mental health problems Hinckley Case The 1983 trial of John Hinckley for the attempted murder of President Ronald Reagan. ![]() |